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Hurricane EARL (Text)


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Hurricane Earl Discussion Number  24
NWS National Hurricane Center Miami FL       AL062022
500 PM AST Thu Sep 08 2022
 
Earl's intensification trend from last night took an unexpected halt 
this morning, which was unusual given the reduction in vertical wind 
shear. While an SSMIS pass at 1056 UTC showed a closed mid-level 
eyewall, a more recent AMSR2 pass at 1717 UTC indicated that Earl 
likely entrained some dry air that degraded the mid-level eyewall 
structure, with a large cyclonic spiral opening to the west that 
matched conventional satellite imagery at the time. The Air Force 
Reserve Reconnaissance Aircraft has been sampling the hurricane this 
afternoon, finding a minimum central pressure of 961 mb, but similar 
to this morning, only found 700 mb flight level winds of 93 kt 
(which reduces to 83 kt) and peak SFMR winds even lower at 64 kt. 
Given these lastest in-situ observations, the initial intensity is 
adjusted to 85 kt for this advisory. The aircraft observations, in 
combination with ASCAT data, also indicate that Earl wind field is 
growing larger, with 34-kt and 50-kt radii expanding in the 
southeastern quadrant. 
 
Earl is beginning to accelerate to the north-northeast, with 
aircraft fixes indicating an estimated motion of 030/13 kt. Further 
acceleration and a more northeastward turn is anticipated tonight 
and tomorrow as Earl is caught up in the southwesterly flow between 
a mid-level ridge to the east, and a digging mid-latitude trough to 
the northwest. The guidance this cycle is very tightly clustered 
upon the previous forecast track in over the next 24 hours, and very 
few changes were made during this period for the latest NHC track. 
On this path, Earl should make its closest approach about 75-100 n 
mi southeast of Bermuda at around 0600 UTC. The same trough 
mentioned above is then expected to capture Earl in 48-60 hours, 
resulting in substantial slowdown in Earl's motion as the two 
features phase together. This is the time period where the guidance 
continues to exhibit a lot of along-track spread, related to the 
degree of trough interaction, though the guidance this cycle has 
shifted towards a stronger phasing solution, likely resulting in a 
additional slowdown. The latest track forecast is not quite as slow 
or far east as the latest GFS or ECMWF solutions, so further 
adjustments may be needed if these trends continue.
 
Deep-layer (200-850 mb) vertical wind shear over Earl is now quite 
low, under 10 knots per the GFS- and ECMWF-based SHIPS. However, the 
structural degradation in Earl's inner core today has thrown a 
monkey wrench in the anticipated intensification that was expected 
to occur today. In fact, while the pressure has still been slowly 
decreasing, it seems to have resulted in the wind field growing more 
than strengthening the maximum sustained winds. While it is likely 
that Earl will be able to mix out the earlier dry-air entrainment 
near the core, it has shortened the window of favorable conditions 
for intensification before the shear begins to rapidly increase 
again in 36 hours. Thus, the intensity forecast has been reduced a 
bit this cycle, now only showing a 105 kt peak in 24 hours, which is 
now under the HCCA and LGEM guidance and closer to the ICVN 
consensus aid. After 36 hours, increasing baroclinicity will lead to 
a rapid increase in vertical wind shear, and extratropical 
transition will likely be underway (likely a warm-seclusion-type 
event), and be complete by 48 hours. The powerful extratropical low 
is then forecast to weaken steadily, in agreement with the intensity 
consensus aids.
 
KEY MESSAGES:
 
1.  Although Earl's center is forecast to pass southeast of Bermuda,
tropical-storm-force winds are expected on the island tonight into
tomorrow morning.  Hurricane-force winds are possible on Bermuda 
tonight if Earl's track shifts farther west than currently
forecast.
 
2.  Swells generated by Earl are building near Bermuda and are
expected to reach the U.S. East Coast tonight. These swells are
likely to cause life-threatening surf and rip current conditions
through the weekend.  Please consult products from your local
weather office.
 
 
FORECAST POSITIONS AND MAX WINDS
 
INIT  08/2100Z 30.3N  64.4W   85 KT 100 MPH
 12H  09/0600Z 32.1N  62.9W   95 KT 110 MPH
 24H  09/1800Z 35.2N  59.6W  105 KT 120 MPH
 36H  10/0600Z 39.2N  55.0W  100 KT 115 MPH
 48H  10/1800Z 42.6N  51.8W   75 KT  85 MPH...POST-TROP/EXTRATROP
 60H  11/0600Z 44.0N  50.4W   55 KT  65 MPH...POST-TROP/EXTRATROP
 72H  11/1800Z 45.0N  49.0W   45 KT  50 MPH...POST-TROP/EXTRATROP
 96H  12/1800Z 45.8N  47.0W   40 KT  45 MPH...POST-TROP/EXTRATROP
120H  13/1800Z 46.0N  41.4W   40 KT  45 MPH...POST-TROP/EXTRATROP
 
$$
Forecaster Papin
 
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Page last modified: Saturday, 31-Dec-2022 12:09:17 UTC